Linnaeuss System of Taxonomic Classification

A taxonomy is a hierarchical scheme for classifying and identifying organisms. It was developed by Swedish scientist Carl  Linnaeus in the 18th century.  In addition to being a valuable tool for biological classification, Linnaeuss system is also useful for  scientific naming. The two main features of this taxonomy system, binomial nomenclature and categorical classification, make it convenient and effective. Binomial Nomenclature The first feature of Linnaeuss taxonomy, which makes naming organisms uncomplicated, is the use of binomial nomenclature. This naming system devises a scientific name for an organism based on two terms: The name of the organisms genus and the name of its species. Both of these terms are italicized and the genus name is capitalized when writing. Example: The bionomical nomenclature for humans is Homo sapiens. The genus name is Homo and the species name is sapiens. These terms are unique and ensure that no two organisms have the same scientific name. The foolproof method of naming organisms ensures consistency and clarity across the field of biology and makes Linnaeuss system simple. Classification Categories The second feature of Linnaeuss taxonomy, which simplifies organism ordering, is categorical classification. This means narrowing organism types into categories but this approach has undergone significant changes since its inception. The broadest of these categories within Linnaeuss original system is known as kingdom and he divided all of the worlds living organisms into only an animal kingdom and plant kingdom. Linnaeus further divided organisms by shared physical characteristics into classes, orders, genera, and species. These categories were revised to include kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species over time. As more scientific advancements and discoveries were made, domain was added to the taxonomic hierarchy and is now the broadest category. The kingdom system of classification was all but replaced by the current domain system of classification. Domain System Organisms are now grouped primarily according to differences in ribosomal  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹RNA structures, not physical properties. The domain system of classification was developed by Carl Woese and places organisms under the following three domains:   Archaea: This  domain includes prokaryotic organisms (which lack a  nucleus) that differ from bacteria in membrane composition and RNA. They are extremophiles capable of living in some of the most inhospitable conditions on earth, such as hydrothermal vents.Bacteria: This domain includes prokaryotic organisms with unique cell wall compositions and RNA types. As part of the human microbiota, bacteria are vital to life. However, some bacteria are pathogenic and cause disease.Eukarya: This domain includes eukaryotes or organisms with a true nucleus. Eukaryotic organisms include plants, animals, protists, and fungi. Under the domain system, organisms are grouped into six kingdoms which include Archaebacteria  (ancient bacteria),  Eubacteria  (true bacteria),  Protista,  Fungi,  Plantae, and  Animalia. The process of classifying organisms by categories was conceived by Linnaeus and has been adapted since. Taxonomy Example The table below includes a list of organisms and their classification within  this taxonomy system using the eight major categories. Notice how closely  dogs and wolves are related. They are similar in every aspect except species name. Taxonomic Hierarchy Example Brown Bear House Cat Dog Killer Whale Wolf Tarantula Domain Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata Arthropoda Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Arachnida Order Carnivora Carnivora Carnivora Cetacea Carnivora Araneae Family Ursidae Felidae Canidae Delphinidae Canidae Theraphosidae Genus Ursus Felis Canis Orcinus Canis Theraphosa Species Ursus arctos Felis catus Canis familiaris Orcinus orca Canis lupus Theraphosa blondi Taxonomic Classification Example Intermediate Categories Taxonomic categories can be even more precisely divided into intermediate categories such as subphyla, suborders, superfamilies, and superclasses. A table of this taxonomy scheme appears below. Each main category of classification has its own subcategory and supercategory. Taxonomic Hierarchy With Subcategory and Supercategory Category Subcategory Supercategory Domain Kingdom Subkingdom Superkingdom (Domain) Phylum Subphylum Superphylum Class Subclass Superclass Order Suborder Superorder Family Subfamily Superfamily Genus Subgenus Species Subspecies Superspecies

Long and Short Vowel Sounds

Vowels and consonants are two types of letters in the English alphabet. A vowel sound is created when air flows smoothly, without interruption, through the throat and mouth. Different vowel  sounds are produced as a speaker changes the shape and placement of articulators (parts of the throat and mouth). In contrast, consonant sounds happen when the flow of air is obstructed or interrupted. If this sounds confusing, try making the â€Å"p† sound and the â€Å"k† sound. You will notice that in creating the sound you have manipulated your mouth and tongue to briefly interrupt airflow from your throat. Consonant sounds have a distinct beginning and end, while vowel sounds flow. The pronunciation of each vowel is determined by the position of the vowel in a syllable, and by the letters that follow it. Vowel sounds can be short, long, or silent. Short Vowels If a word contains only one vowel, and that vowel appears in the middle of the word, the vowel is usually pronounced as a short vowel. This is especially true if the word is very short. Examples of short vowels in one-syllable words include the following: AtBatMatBetWetLedRedHitFixRobLotCupBut This rule can also apply to one-syllable words that are a bit longer: RantChantSleptFledChipStripFlopChug When a short word with one vowel ends in s, l, or f, the end consonant is doubled, as in: BillSellMissPassJiffCuff If there are two vowels in a word, but the first vowel is followed by a double consonant, the vowels sound is short, such as: MatterCannonRibbonWobbleBunny If there are two vowels in a word and the vowels are separated by two or more letters, the first vowels is usually short, for example: LanternBasketTicketBucket Long Vowels The long vowel sound is the same as the name of the vowel itself. Follow these rules: Long A sound is AY as in cake.Long E sound is EE an in sheet.Long I sound is AHY as in like.Long O sound is OH as in bone.Long U sound is YOO as in human or OO as in crude. Long vowel sounds are often created when two vowels appear side by side in a syllable. When vowels work as a team to make a long vowel sound, the second vowel is silent. Examples are: RainSeizeBoatToadHeap A double â€Å"e† also makes the long vowel sound: KeepFeelMeek The vowel â€Å"i† often makes a long sound in a one-syllable word if the vowel is followed by two consonants: BlightHighMindWildPint This rule does not apply when the â€Å"i† is followed by the consonants th, ch, or sh, as in: FishWishRichWith A long vowel sound is created when a vowel is followed by a consonant and a silent â€Å"e† in a syllable, as in: StripeStakeConcedeBiteSizeRodeCute The long â€Å"u† sound can sound like yoo or oo, such as: CuteFluteLutePruneFumePerfume Most often, the letter â€Å"o† will be pronounced as a long vowel sound when it appears in a one-syllable word and is followed by two consonants, as in these examples: MostPostRollFoldSold A few exceptions occur when the â€Å"o† appears in a single syllable word that ends in th or sh: PoshGoshMoth Weird Vowel Sounds Sometimes, combinations of vowels and consonants (like Y and W) create unique sounds. The letters oi can make an OY sound when they appear in the middle of a syllable: BoilCoinOink The same sound is made with the letters â€Å"oy† when they appear at the end of a syllable: AhoyBoyAnnoySoy Similarly, the letters â€Å"ou† make a distinct sound when they appear in the middle of a syllable: CouchRoutPoutAboutAloud The same sound can be made by the letters ow when they appear at the end of a syllable: AllowPlowEndow The long â€Å"o† sound is also created by the letters â€Å"ow† when they appear at the end of a syllable: RowBlowSlowBelow The letters ay make the long â€Å"a† sound: StayPlayQuay The letter Y can make a long â€Å"i† sound if it appears at the end of a one-syllable word: ShyPlyTryFly The letters ie can make a long â€Å"e† sound (except after c): BeliefThiefFiend The letters ei can make the long â€Å"e† sound when they follow a â€Å"c†: ReceiveDeceiveReceipt The letter â€Å"y† can make a long e sound if it appears at the end of a word and it follows one or more consonants: BonyHolyRosySassyFieryToastyMostly

Educational Planning - 5818 Words

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY College of Education Graduate Program Zamboanga City Course Title : EdAd 205 (Educational Planning and Curriculum Development) Course Professor : Dr. Alicia T. Baldicano Topics : EDUCATIONAL PLANNING Background of Educational Planning A. Concepts of Educational Planning a. Basic Ideas and Concepts about Planning b. Nature and Scope of Educational Planning c. Concepts of Educational Planning d. Definition of Educational Planning e. History of Educational Planning in the Philippines Discussant : Joanes C. Ocamia and Ireen C. Lingayan Strategies : a. Mental Warm – up e. Concept Web b. Bubble Quotes f. Circular Bending Flow Chart c. Placemat g. Numbered Heads†¦show more content†¦c. An effort to coordinate the quantitative expansion necessitated by demographic factors and social demand with the qualitative improvement in content, structure, and methods. d. The determination to ensure that the investment in education brings good dividends in the form of fulfilment of manpower needs, the overall development of individual and the national economic, social and cultural development. To ensure the full acceptance and implementation of the plan, persons who are to implement the plan, such as school administrators, supervisors, teachers and other personnel, should participate in the formulation of the plan. Concept of Educational Development The concept of education has undergone a significant change in recent years. It is a common experience that: a. A much wider variety of objectives (national/social/individual) than ever before is expected to be achieved from the function of education; b. What was once available to a limited (elitist) group or privileged persons is now being demanded by increasing number of persons belonging to all sections of the society, c. The tasks of providing educational facilities to all those who seek it is becoming a function beyond the means of private individuals and functions and organizations; and d. An intensive search for strategies for educational development has been urgent. Education is equated broadlyShow MoreRelatedEducational Planning2585 Words   |  11 PagesTOPIC 1 * Educational Planning * Environmental Planning and Analysis * Operational Planning * Short, Medium, Long-Range Planning * Corporate Planning * Strategic Planning I. Introduction What does Educational Planning mean? Educational planning can be  important to help you create  your future. Planning the classes you will need to reach your educational goal, it can help motivate you and get you to your life goals with more direction. The process of making arrangementsRead MoreThe Autism Screening Instrument For Educational Planning1400 Words   |  6 Pageslanguage development just to name a few. Assessment The Autism Screening Instrument for Educational Planning -Third Edition (ASIEP–3) is used to evaluate autism spectrum disorders and to assist in developing educational programs for individuals who are on the spectrum. The ASIEP-3 consists of five subtests which include the Autism Behavior Checklist, the Sample of Vocal Behavior, the Interaction Assessment, the Educational Assessment, and the Prognosis of Learning Rate. Intervention for children with AutismRead MoreThe Educational Institution Approach : Planning1186 Words   |  5 Pages 3.3.4 The educational institution approach. In the educational institution approach, planning is controlled by those determining the curriculum of the educational institution. Implementation is through formal or nonformal instruction in groups or individuals through a college or university. Attendance and the extent of participation by farmers in agricultural extension activities are the measures of success. Ideally, researchers learn from extension personnel who, in turn, learn from farmers.Read MorePopular Approaches to Educational Planning in Developing Countries5698 Words   |  23 Pagesdiscuss some of the popular approaches to educational planning in developing countries. Introduction Educational planning is a worldwide practice found in both developing and developed countries. The developing countries and indeed all countries have placed a premium on education because of the persistent belief that formal education holds the key to national development and economic growth. In the light of this, the modern conception of educational planning has attracted specialists from many disciplinesRead MoreWhy Capacity Planning Is Important to an Educational Institution2818 Words   |  12 Pagesprospects of employability. Educational institutions play a significant role and are the perennial source of knowledge and quality education. Having said that, it is also to be noted that maintaining the standard of these institutions is of paramount importance which lay a platform for a good institution. The corner stone of this essay is to determine the role of capacity planning in educational institutions which forms a very important part of strategic plan. Capacity planning is the known as the processRead MoreEducational Decisions Are Made Without Consideration, Preparation, And Planning995 Words   |  4 PagesIn classrooms today, I think educational decisions are made without consideration, preparation, and planning. However, there are many expert teachers who are able to deliver effective education with perhaps minimal preparation, their lessons and teaching style often turn into stale and unproductive; established on outdated models and settings. New teachers regularly become overawed with the myriad of responsibilities demanded of them which is simply trying to get the whole thing done. Basic PrinciplesRead MoreTechnology Planning : Perceived Educational Technology Needs Survey Essay2319 Words   |  10 PagesTechnology Planning PERCEIVED EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY NEEDS SURVEY Adapted from Ted Wesley - National Center for Technology Planning (www.nctp.com) and Alan November of November Learning While performing your duties: 1. Do you ever, or often, think, â€Å"There must be an easier way to do this?† If so, please list and describe as many of the things or situations as you can to which this statement would apply: 1. †¦to provide homework assignments to students. 2. †¦.to complete the class worksheet thatRead MoreCareer Development Plan Part 21074 Words   |  5 Pagesthe voice and opinion of the management team from the employees. I will be reviewing each appraisal, and feedback will be given to each team member , feedback will help assist in the future to perform at a top level and if needed will offer educational opportunities. Feedback Feedback is important for the future of our sales team. Feedback is a issue that is based on the personality and character of the employee. We need to make sure that we stay on target and address the performance problemsRead MoreTime- Management Strategies Essay618 Words   |  3 Pagescapitalize on the use of my time and reach my educational goals, I will execute these specific time management strategies. Accessing and planning a weekly schedule and adjusting my daily schedule are the two specific time management strategies I will use to help me maximize the use of my time and reach my ultimate educational goals. Keeping an accurate schedule will facilitate the use of my time and the process for strategy number one, accessing and planning a weekly schedule. I will make a list of whatRead MoreThe Planning Process Of Flat World Knowledge856 Words   |  4 PagesPlanning is The first step or key component in the P-O-L-C framework process which is seen as a critical management element. However, the planning process consists of several steps that involve environmental scanning, setting, objectives and determining the course. Therefore, all organizations must be aware of the changing trends that there are up against in an attempt to forecast the future to obtain the competitive edge (Carpenter, Bauer, Erdogan, Short, 2013). Therefore, the planning process

Journey to Cox Bazar free essay sample

Journey to Coxs Bazar Journey is always pleasure to all. A successful and happy life cannot be imagined without making any Journey during holidays. Therefore, with a view to making life successful and fruitful one should make any Journey during ones holiday. A Journey means to go or vlslt one place to another place alone or with groups. There are different types of journey all over the world. Such as; Bus journey, train journey, plane Journey, boat Journey and rickshaw Journey. Different types of people like different Journey. But I like Journey by bus very much. During the last vacation I gained an opportunity to attend a Journey with my friends. It was the last movement of March. We had completed our MldTerm exam. After completing our MldTerm examination we got a short vacation. On that vacation our friends arranged a picnic. They selected the Coxs Bazar for the picnic spot. We will write a custom essay sample on Journey to Cox Bazar or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Cors Bazar is very far from Dhaka city. So we went there by bus. It was a long Journey by bus In my life. Coxs Bazar Is very far from Dhaka so; we started our Journey at 7 0clock. All of us took their essential elements. I also took my essential elements. We took small breakfast and got on the bus in time. The scenery of the day was very fine. So, there was no problem to make our Journey. At 7 am the bus started the Journey. I sat down beside the window. When the bus were running at the Cors Bazar I saw different sceneries on the way. When the buses running towards the Coxs Bazar I thought trees, houses, green fields and other things were coming towards us. At 2:30 pm we reached at Chittagong city. As it was Friday, so the roads were free from traffic Jam. When we crossed the city our buses were stopped to eat our lunch. Our buses were stopped beside of a restaurant. At that urne we were very hungry and also tired. My friends and I sat down on a table. At first we washed our face and then we started our lunch. The foods item of the restaurant were vary delicious. So we ate our lunch deliciously. After completing our lunch we took a small rest and after sometimes later we got on the buses. Then our buses started their Journey again. At 7 0clock we reached the Coxs Bazar. It was a moon lit night and everything looked very nice to us. At night we stayed in a hotel. The hotel was ten stored building. We stayed on the 4th floor. The decoration of the hotel was very beautiful. We stayed in a large room. That night we were very happy and excited. At 10 0clock we ate our supper In our hotel. The whole night we passed our time by gossiping. The night I could not sleep. The next morning we woke up early in the morning and we went to the beach. Our hotel was situated near the beach. So we went there on foot. We went to the beach to see the scenery of the sun rises. The scenery of the sun rises was very charming and very enjoyable. We enjoyed the scenery very much. At that time different types of people crowded there to see the scenery of the sun rises. After sometimes we started walking. About one an hour we walked the beach of the sea. After completing our walking we took a small rest. Then we bought a football and arranged a friendly football match. After completing our match we went to a restaurant to eat our breakfast. The foods Item of the restaurant was very tasty and delicious. At 2 ffclock we took our bath. About an 1 OF2 hotel and ate our lunch. Then we took a small rest. At 5 pm my friends and I went to the beach to see the sun set. The beach was crowded by the people. We collected many photos of my friends and mine. We were eagerly waited to see the scenery of sun set. The scenery of the sun sets was very charming and very enjoyable. We started our Journey back to Dhaka . At 6 0clock I reached Dhaka. Really the Journey was very enjoyable. These days and these events were really memorable days in my life. I cannot forget the Journey. When I remember the Journey and the events it gives me much pleasure.